This comparison examines two iconic shotguns from Remington: the Model 31 pump-action, produced from 1931 to 1949, and the Model 870, its successor introduced in 1950. The Model 31 is known for its smooth action, bottom loading/ejection, and solid construction, while the 870 is recognized for its durability, versatility, and extensive customization options. Comparing these two models offers valuable insight into the evolution of shotgun design and the enduring legacy of Remington firearms.
The enduring popularity of both models underscores their significance in firearms history. The Model 31, despite its shorter production run, earned a reputation for superior handling and reliability, influencing subsequent pump-action shotgun designs. The 870, building upon the 31’s strengths while incorporating design improvements and cost-effective manufacturing processes, became one of the best-selling shotguns of all time. Studying these models allows for an understanding of key advancements in firearms technology and manufacturing.
A closer examination will delve into the specific design differences, performance characteristics, and practical applications of each model, providing a comprehensive understanding of their respective strengths and weaknesses. This will include an analysis of action mechanisms, construction materials, available configurations, and overall suitability for various shooting disciplines.
1. Action Smoothness
Action smoothness represents a critical point of comparison between the Remington Model 31 and 870 shotguns. This characteristic significantly impacts the shooter’s experience, influencing factors such as speed of follow-up shots, perceived recoil, and overall handling. Examining the action mechanism of each model reveals key differences contributing to their respective levels of smoothness.
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Internal Design Complexity
The Model 31 utilizes a double-action bar design with multiple internal parts and tighter tolerances. This intricate mechanism contributes to a remarkably smooth, gliding action often praised by enthusiasts. The 870, in contrast, features a simpler single-action bar design, resulting in a more robust but slightly less smooth operation. While the 870’s action is still generally considered smooth, it doesn’t quite reach the refined feel of the 31.
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Manufacturing and Tolerances
The Model 31’s complex design necessitated precise manufacturing and tighter tolerances, which contributed to its higher production cost. The 870’s simpler design allowed for looser tolerances and more streamlined manufacturing, reducing production costs while maintaining acceptable levels of smoothness. This difference in manufacturing approach reflects the design philosophies of each era.
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Long-Term Wear and Maintenance
The Model 31’s intricate design, while smooth initially, can be more susceptible to wear and require more diligent maintenance to maintain optimal performance over time. The 870s simpler, more robust action tends to tolerate wear and tear more effectively, requiring less frequent maintenance while retaining functional smoothness.
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Impact on Shooting Experience
The difference in action smoothness translates to a tangible difference in the shooting experience. The Model 31’s slick action facilitates rapid follow-up shots and reduces perceived recoil, contributing to a more refined shooting feel. The 870, while not as smooth, offers a reliable and consistent action suitable for a wide range of shooting applications. The choice between the two often comes down to personal preference and shooting style.
Ultimately, the comparison of action smoothness between the Remington 31 and 870 highlights the trade-offs between complexity and simplicity in firearms design. The 31 prioritized a refined, smooth action, while the 870 favored robustness, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. This difference in design philosophy played a crucial role in the 870s eventual market dominance.
2. Manufacturing Cost
Manufacturing cost played a pivotal role in the respective fates of the Remington Model 31 and 870 shotguns. The ability to produce a firearm efficiently and economically significantly impacts market competitiveness and long-term viability. Analyzing the production processes of each model reveals crucial differences in their manufacturing costs and the resulting implications for their market success.
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Machining and Complexity
The Model 31’s design incorporated numerous machined parts and complex internal mechanisms. This intricate construction required skilled labor and precise machining processes, increasing production time and cost. The 870, by contrast, utilized simpler designs and incorporated more stamped parts, streamlining the manufacturing process and reducing reliance on costly machining operations. This difference in complexity significantly impacted the overall production cost of each model.
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Materials and Availability
Material selection also influenced manufacturing costs. While specific details on material costs during each model’s production run are difficult to obtain precisely, the 870’s design facilitated the use of more readily available and less expensive materials. This focus on readily available materials further contributed to its cost-effectiveness compared to the 31.
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Assembly and Labor
The 31’s intricate design required more complex assembly procedures, involving a greater number of parts and more specialized labor. The 870’s simpler construction translated to a more streamlined assembly process, reducing labor hours and overall assembly costs. This efficiency in assembly further enhanced the 870’s cost advantage.
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Market Competition and Pricing
The lower manufacturing cost of the 870 allowed Remington to offer it at a more competitive price point, making it accessible to a wider range of consumers. The 31’s higher production cost necessitated a higher retail price, potentially limiting its market appeal in the face of more affordable alternatives. This difference in pricing played a significant role in the 870s eventual market dominance.
The manufacturing cost disparity between the Remington 31 and 870 proved to be a decisive factor in their respective market performances. While the 31 offered superior smoothness and handling characteristics, its higher production cost hindered its ability to compete effectively with the more economical 870. This underscores the importance of cost-effective manufacturing in the firearms industry, where affordability and accessibility often play a crucial role in market success.
3. Durability/Reliability
Durability and reliability represent critical factors in evaluating the long-term performance and practicality of firearms, especially shotguns intended for demanding applications. Comparing the Remington Model 31 and 870 in these aspects reveals key differences stemming from their respective design philosophies and construction. This analysis examines specific elements contributing to the overall durability and reliability of each model.
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Material Selection and Construction
Both the Model 31 and 870 utilized steel for critical components, contributing to inherent strength and longevity. However, the 870’s receiver is generally considered more robust due to its simpler, more solid construction. The 31’s receiver, while well-made, featured more intricate machining and thinner wall sections in certain areas, potentially making it slightly more susceptible to damage under extreme stress. The 870’s simpler design and more substantial receiver construction contribute to its reputation for exceptional durability.
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Action Mechanism Complexity
The 31’s more complex double-action bar design, while contributing to smooth operation, involved more moving parts and tighter tolerances. This complexity could potentially increase the risk of malfunctions or require more frequent maintenance compared to the 870’s simpler single-action bar system. The 870’s robust and straightforward action mechanism contributes to its reputation for reliable function even under adverse conditions.
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Tolerance to Wear and Tear
The 870’s design and construction generally provide a higher tolerance for wear and tear compared to the 31. Its simpler action mechanism and robust receiver can withstand considerable abuse and continue functioning reliably. The 31, with its tighter tolerances and more intricate design, might require more meticulous maintenance to ensure consistent performance over time. This difference in tolerance to wear and tear reinforces the 870’s reputation for exceptional reliability in harsh environments.
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Long-Term Performance and Maintenance Requirements
While both models are capable of long service lives with proper care, the 870’s simpler design generally translates to lower long-term maintenance requirements. Its robust construction and less intricate action mechanism contribute to its ability to withstand heavy use and continue functioning reliably with minimal maintenance. The 31, while durable, might require more frequent attention to maintain optimal performance due to its more complex design.
Ultimately, the comparison of durability and reliability between the Remington 31 and 870 highlights the trade-offs inherent in firearms design. The 31 prioritized smoothness and refined handling, while the 870 emphasized robustness and simplicity. The 870’s design choices have contributed to its enduring reputation for exceptional durability and reliability, making it a favored choice for demanding applications where consistent performance under adverse conditions is paramount.
4. Aftermarket Availability
Aftermarket availability significantly distinguishes the Remington 870 from the Model 31 and contributes to the 870’s enduring popularity. The extent of available aftermarket parts, accessories, and modifications impacts a firearm’s versatility, customization potential, and long-term serviceability. Examining this aspect reveals a stark contrast between the two models and underscores the 870’s dominance in this regard.
The Remington 870 benefits from a vast and diverse aftermarket ecosystem. Numerous manufacturers produce a wide range of accessories, including stocks, barrels, forends, sights, and magazine extensions. This extensive selection allows users to tailor the 870 to specific needs, whether for hunting, sport shooting, or home defense. The sheer volume of available options ensures that parts remain readily accessible for repairs and upgrades, contributing to the 870’s longevity. In contrast, the Model 31, due to its shorter production run and lower overall popularity, suffers from limited aftermarket support. Finding parts for repairs can be challenging, and customization options are significantly restricted. This disparity in aftermarket availability significantly influences the practicality and long-term value of each model.
Practical examples illustrate this disparity. An 870 owner seeking a shorter barrel for home defense can readily find numerous options from various manufacturers. Similarly, upgrading the stock for improved ergonomics or extending the magazine capacity is straightforward due to the wide selection of aftermarket components. A Model 31 owner facing similar needs would likely encounter significant difficulty locating suitable parts. This limited availability restricts customization and can pose challenges for repairs, potentially rendering the firearm unusable if specific parts become unavailable. The robust aftermarket support for the 870 contributes to its sustained popularity, ensuring its continued relevance and practicality for a diverse range of shooting applications. The lack of similar support for the Model 31, while not detracting from its inherent qualities, limits its long-term practicality and restricts its appeal to a smaller niche of enthusiasts and collectors.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses common inquiries regarding the Remington Model 31 and 870 shotguns, providing concise and informative responses to clarify key distinctions and dispel potential misconceptions.
Question 1: Which model is better for hunting?
Both models can be effective hunting tools. The 870’s wider array of available barrel lengths and choke options, combined with its greater durability, generally make it a more versatile choice for various hunting scenarios. The 31, while capable in the field, may require more careful handling due to its more complex action.
Question 2: Is the Model 31’s action significantly smoother than the 870’s?
The Model 31’s action is often described as smoother, attributed to its double-action bar design. However, the 870’s action remains smooth and reliable, particularly with proper maintenance. The perceived difference in smoothness is often subjective and may not significantly impact practical shooting performance for most users.
Question 3: Why is the Model 31 no longer produced?
Its complex design resulted in higher manufacturing costs compared to the 870, making it less competitive in the market. The 870’s simpler, more cost-effective production allowed Remington to offer it at a more attractive price point, contributing to the 31’s discontinuation.
Question 4: Are parts readily available for both models?
Parts for the 870 are widely available due to its continued production and popularity. Finding parts for the Model 31 can be significantly more challenging due to its discontinued status and limited aftermarket support.
Question 5: Which model is easier to maintain?
The 870s simpler design generally requires less maintenance. The 31’s more intricate action, while smooth, may necessitate more frequent cleaning and lubrication to ensure optimal performance.
Question 6: Which shotgun is more suitable for a beginner?
The 870’s widespread availability, affordability, and ease of maintenance make it a generally more accessible option for beginners. The Model 31, while a fine shotgun, may require a greater understanding of firearms mechanics due to its more complex action.
Understanding the key differences between the Remington Model 31 and 870 facilitates informed decisions based on individual needs and priorities. While the 31 possesses a certain appeal due to its smooth action and historical significance, the 870’s durability, versatility, and extensive aftermarket support solidify its position as a practical and enduring choice for a wide range of shooting applications.
Further exploration of specific use cases and individual preferences will provide a more comprehensive understanding of each model’s suitability for particular shooting disciplines and individual requirements.
Practical Tips for Selecting Between a Remington Model 31 and 870
Selecting between a Remington Model 31 and an 870 requires careful consideration of individual needs and priorities. These tips offer practical guidance for navigating the decision-making process.
Tip 1: Evaluate Intended Use: Hunting applications benefit from the 870’s versatility due to its wider array of barrel and choke options. The 31’s smoother action may be advantageous for competitive shooting disciplines where rapid follow-up shots are critical.
Tip 2: Assess Budgetary Constraints: The 870’s generally lower acquisition cost and readily available parts make it a more budget-friendly option. Acquiring and maintaining a Model 31 can be more expensive due to its relative scarcity and limited aftermarket support.
Tip 3: Prioritize Maintenance Capabilities: Individuals comfortable with basic firearms maintenance will find the 870 easier to service. The 31’s more complex action may require specialized knowledge or professional gunsmithing for certain repairs.
Tip 4: Consider Customization Needs: The 870’s extensive aftermarket support makes it ideal for customization. The Model 31 offers limited customization options due to the scarcity of aftermarket parts and accessories.
Tip 5: Factor in Collector Value: Model 31s, particularly those in good condition, can hold collector value due to their discontinued status and historical significance. The 870’s widespread production makes it less likely to appreciate significantly in value as a collector’s item.
Tip 6: Examine Available Configurations: Research the specific configurations available for each model. Barrel lengths, stock designs, and magazine capacities vary, influencing suitability for different shooting disciplines.
Tip 7: Handle Both Models if Possible: If feasible, handling both shotguns provides valuable insight into ergonomics, balance, and overall feel. This hands-on experience can significantly influence the final decision.
Careful consideration of these factors ensures a well-informed decision aligned with individual shooting needs, budgetary constraints, and long-term ownership goals.
The subsequent conclusion synthesizes the key distinctions between these two iconic Remington shotguns, providing a concise summary to aid in the final decision-making process.
Concluding Remarks
The comparison between the Remington Model 31 and 870 reveals distinct strengths and weaknesses inherent in each design. The Model 31, admired for its smooth action and refined handling, ultimately succumbed to the economic realities of higher manufacturing costs. The 870, capitalizing on a simpler, more robust design, achieved widespread success due to its durability, reliability, and affordability. The extensive aftermarket support for the 870 further solidified its position as a versatile and customizable platform, while the Model 31’s limited aftermarket availability restricts its long-term practicality for most users.
The enduring legacy of both models reflects the evolution of shotgun design and the ongoing pursuit of balancing performance, reliability, and affordability. While the Model 31 retains a dedicated following among collectors and enthusiasts, the 870’s enduring popularity underscores its significance as a practical and adaptable firearm for a diverse range of shooting applications. Discerning the nuanced differences between these two iconic shotguns empowers informed decision-making based on individual needs and priorities, ensuring a suitable choice for the intended purpose.