This compact, third-generation semi-automatic pistol, chambered in 9mm Parabellum, was produced by a renowned American firearms manufacturer. It features a double-action/single-action trigger mechanism, an ambidextrous safety lever, and a stainless-steel slide and barrel. Variations include the 3903 with an aluminum alloy frame and the 3906 with a stainless-steel frame.
Introduced in the late 1980s, this series of pistols gained popularity among law enforcement and civilians for its reliability, concealability, and relatively high magazine capacity. It represents a significant development in the evolution of semi-automatic handguns, embodying advancements in design and materials. These pistols are known for their durability and ease of maintenance, contributing to their enduring presence in the firearms market, even after being discontinued from production.
Further exploration will delve into specific design features, compare it with similar firearms of the era, analyze its impact on the market, and discuss its current status among collectors and enthusiasts.
1. Compact Size
The compact size of this specific firearm represents a defining characteristic, influencing its suitability for concealed carry and contributing to its overall handling dynamics. This dimension played a crucial role in the pistol’s adoption by both law enforcement personnel and civilians seeking a balance between firepower and portability.
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Concealability
Reduced dimensions facilitate discreet carry, essential for plainclothes officers and individuals prioritizing personal protection. This allowed the firearm to be carried comfortably and unobtrusively under clothing or in smaller bags, enhancing its practicality for everyday use. The compact size also minimized printing, reducing the likelihood of the firearm’s outline being visible through clothing.
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Handling
Smaller grip circumference generally suits individuals with smaller hands, promoting improved control and recoil management. The compact dimensions contribute to a more manageable and less cumbersome feel, enabling quicker target acquisition and more precise shooting. This feature also enhances maneuverability in close-quarters situations.
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Weight Reduction
Compact dimensions often translate to a lighter overall weight, reducing fatigue during extended carry periods. This reduction in weight enhances comfort and reduces strain, especially during prolonged use or when carrying the firearm for extended durations. This characteristic was particularly beneficial for plainclothes officers who often carried their firearms for entire shifts.
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Holster Options
A smaller profile expands the range of compatible holster designs, providing greater flexibility in carry methods. The compact size allowed for the use of smaller, less obtrusive holsters, including inside-the-waistband and ankle holsters. This versatility in holster options further enhanced the firearm’s concealability and adaptability to different carry preferences and clothing styles.
The compact size, therefore, significantly contributed to the firearms practicality and popularity, offering a balanced solution for those requiring a readily accessible and easily concealed sidearm without sacrificing firepower or control. This attribute, combined with other features, positioned it as a versatile option within the broader landscape of personal defense firearms.
2. 9mm Chambering
The chambering for 9x19mm Parabellum cartridges significantly contributes to the Smith & Wesson 3904’s overall characteristics, influencing its performance, practicality, and adoption within various contexts.
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Ammunition Availability and Cost
9mm Parabellum is a widely available and relatively affordable cartridge, benefiting users with readily accessible ammunition for training and practice. This widespread availability translates to lower costs compared to some other centerfire pistol cartridges, making it an economical choice for high-volume shooting. The cost-effectiveness of 9mm ammunition facilitates frequent practice, essential for proficiency and skill development.
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Recoil Management
The 9mm Parabellum cartridge generally produces manageable recoil, contributing to enhanced controllability and faster follow-up shots. Reduced recoil impulse allows for quicker target reacquisition, crucial in defensive situations or competitive shooting. This characteristic also makes the platform suitable for a broader range of users, regardless of experience or physical stature.
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Magazine Capacity
The relatively small cartridge size allows for higher magazine capacities compared to some larger caliber rounds. This characteristic provides a tactical advantage in certain situations, reducing the frequency of magazine changes. The compact frame of the 3904, combined with the efficient use of space allowed by 9mm cartridges, resulted in a practical magazine capacity suitable for its intended role.
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Stopping Power
While debates surrounding stopping power continue, 9mm Parabellum, particularly with modern hollow-point ammunition, offers adequate performance for self-defense and law enforcement applications. Advancements in bullet technology have significantly improved the terminal ballistics of 9mm ammunition, enhancing its effectiveness. Coupled with the platform’s reliability, this cartridge provides a practical balance between controllability and stopping power.
The adoption of the 9mm Parabellum cartridge significantly contributes to the practicality and versatility of the Smith & Wesson 3904. The combination of manageable recoil, widespread ammunition availability, and reasonable cost, alongside advancements in ammunition technology, positions this chambering as a suitable choice for various applications, reinforcing the pistol’s overall appeal and effectiveness as a defensive or duty sidearm.
3. Stainless Steel Slide
The stainless steel slide of the Smith & Wesson 3904 constitutes a critical component, contributing significantly to the pistol’s durability, reliability, and overall performance. Stainless steel, known for its corrosion resistance, strength, and wear resistance, offers several advantages in the context of a firearm’s slide. This material choice reflects a design priority towards longevity and consistent function under various environmental conditions.
Utilizing stainless steel for the slide mitigates the risk of rust and pitting, even in humid or marine environments. This inherent resistance to corrosion ensures the slide’s smooth operation and structural integrity over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent maintenance and enhancing the pistol’s reliability. Furthermore, the inherent strength of stainless steel allows the slide to withstand the high pressures and stresses generated during firing, contributing to the firearm’s long-term durability. Examples of this material’s robustness can be seen in the sustained performance of numerous 3904 pistols still in service decades after their manufacture.
The practical significance of the stainless steel slide becomes evident when considering the potential impact of corrosion on a firearm’s function. A rusted or pitted slide can lead to malfunctions, including failures to feed, extract, or eject cartridges. The 3904’s stainless steel slide addresses these potential issues, ensuring consistent performance and enhancing the user’s confidence in the firearm’s reliability. This material choice, combined with the pistol’s other design features, reinforces its suitability for law enforcement, personal defense, and other applications where reliable function is paramount. The use of stainless steel in the slide directly contributes to the 3904’s reputation for durability and longevity, differentiating it from firearms utilizing less robust materials.
4. Third-Generation Design
The Smith & Wesson 3904 stands as a representative example of the company’s third-generation semi-automatic pistol design. This designation signifies a period of significant innovation and refinement in Smith & Wesson’s pistol development, resulting in a series of firearms known for improved ergonomics, enhanced features, and increased reliability compared to earlier models. Understanding the context of this third-generation design is crucial for appreciating the 3904’s position within the broader evolution of Smith & Wesson handguns.
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Improved Ergonomics
Third-generation pistols featured redesigned grips and controls, enhancing comfort and controllability. The 3904 benefited from these improvements, offering a more natural and secure grip compared to earlier models. This focus on ergonomics contributed to reduced felt recoil and improved shooting accuracy, making the pistol more user-friendly and suitable for a wider range of hand sizes. The ambidextrous safety lever is a prime example of this ergonomic focus, catering to both right- and left-handed shooters.
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Enhanced Safety Features
Third-generation Smith & Wesson pistols incorporated various safety mechanisms, such as firing pin blocks and decocking levers, enhancing overall safety. The 3904 includes these features, minimizing the risk of accidental discharge. The inclusion of these safety mechanisms addressed concerns present in earlier designs, reflecting a growing emphasis on safe firearm handling and operation. These features contributed to the 3904’s suitability for law enforcement and civilian carry, where safe operation under stress is critical.
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Modular Design and Material Variations
The third generation embraced a modular design approach, allowing for variations in frame materials, finishes, and calibers. The 3904’s stainless steel construction exemplifies this modularity, differentiating it from models like the 3903 (aluminum frame) and 3906 (stainless steel frame). This modularity enabled Smith & Wesson to offer a range of pistols tailored to specific needs and preferences, expanding the market appeal of the third-generation series.
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Double-Action/Single-Action Mechanism
Many third-generation models, including the 3904, retained the traditional double-action/single-action (DA/SA) trigger mechanism. This offered users the option of a longer, heavier double-action trigger pull for the first shot, followed by lighter, shorter single-action pulls for subsequent shots. This DA/SA system provided a balance between safety and quick follow-up shots, appealing to users familiar with this established trigger mechanism.
The Smith & Wesson 3904’s classification as a third-generation pistol signifies its incorporation of key design advancements that distinguished this series from earlier models. These improvements in ergonomics, safety features, modularity, and the retention of the DA/SA trigger mechanism collectively contributed to the 3904’s popularity and its recognition as a reliable and practical firearm for various applications. Understanding these generational design features provides valuable context for appreciating the 3904’s significance within Smith & Wesson’s product history and its lasting impact on the firearms market.
5. Double-Action/Single-Action
The Smith & Wesson 3904 utilizes a double-action/single-action (DA/SA) trigger mechanism, a key feature influencing its operation and handling characteristics. This system offers distinct trigger pulls for the first and subsequent shots, impacting practical use and requiring specific considerations for training and proficiency. Understanding the nuances of the DA/SA system is crucial for effectively operating and appreciating the 3904’s design.
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First Shot (Double-Action)
The initial trigger pull in double-action mode both cocks the hammer and releases it, resulting in a longer, heavier trigger pull. This longer, heavier pull serves as an added safety measure, reducing the likelihood of unintentional discharge. However, it requires greater trigger control and can impact first-shot accuracy, particularly under stress. Training with the DA/SA system emphasizes managing this initial trigger pull for consistent shot placement.
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Subsequent Shots (Single-Action)
After the first shot, the slide cycles, automatically cocking the hammer. Subsequent shots are fired in single-action mode, characterized by a shorter, lighter trigger pull. This lighter pull allows for faster follow-up shots and improved accuracy. The transition between double-action and single-action trigger pulls requires practice to maintain consistent trigger control and avoid anticipating the lighter single-action pull.
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Decocking Lever
The 3904 features a decocking lever, allowing the hammer to be safely lowered from the cocked position without firing the chambered round. This safety feature adds another layer of security when handling the firearm and transitioning from single-action back to double-action mode. Utilizing the decocking lever requires deliberate action and understanding its function to avoid unintentional discharge.
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Training Implications
Effective use of the DA/SA system necessitates specific training focused on mastering the transition between double-action and single-action trigger pulls. Dry-fire practice and live-fire drills are essential for developing consistent trigger control and achieving proficiency with both trigger modes. Understanding the nuances of the DA/SA system is crucial for maximizing the 3904’s performance and ensuring safe handling.
The DA/SA trigger mechanism of the Smith & Wesson 3904 presents both advantages and challenges. While the heavier double-action first shot enhances safety, it requires deliberate training to master. The lighter single-action subsequent shots contribute to faster follow-up shots and improved accuracy, but the transition between trigger pulls necessitates practice. The inclusion of the decocking lever adds a layer of safety but requires understanding and proper utilization. Ultimately, the DA/SA system contributes to the 3904’s versatility as a defensive firearm, but its effective use relies on dedicated training and a thorough understanding of its operational characteristics.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses common inquiries regarding the Smith & Wesson 3904 pistol, providing concise and informative responses.
Question 1: What are the primary advantages of the stainless steel construction?
The stainless steel construction offers superior corrosion resistance, enhancing durability and longevity, particularly in adverse conditions. This material choice minimizes maintenance requirements and ensures reliable function over extended periods.
Question 2: How does the double-action/single-action trigger system function?
The initial trigger pull (double-action) cocks and releases the hammer. Subsequent shots (single-action) have a shorter, lighter trigger pull as the hammer is cocked by the slide cycling. This system provides a balance of safety and speed, but requires practice for proficiency.
Question 3: What is the significance of the third-generation designation?
The third-generation designation signifies key improvements over previous models, including enhanced ergonomics, improved safety features, and a more modular design. These enhancements contribute to increased user comfort, safety, and adaptability.
Question 4: What is the recommended maintenance routine?
Regular cleaning and lubrication are essential for optimal performance and longevity. Consulting the owner’s manual for specific instructions is recommended, as improper maintenance can negatively impact function and reliability.
Question 5: What makes this pistol suitable for concealed carry?
Its compact dimensions, combined with a relatively lightweight design and a variety of holster options, make the pistol suitable for concealed carry. These factors contribute to ease of concealment and comfortable everyday carry.
Question 6: Where can additional information regarding specifications and parts be found?
Reputable firearms resources, including online forums, gunsmiths, and official Smith & Wesson documentation, can provide additional information on specifications, parts availability, and historical context.
Understanding these key aspects of the Smith & Wesson 3904 contributes to informed decision-making for potential owners and provides valuable insights for those interested in its history and design.
Further sections will explore the pistol’s historical context, comparing it with contemporary firearms and analyzing its impact on the market.
Safe Handling and Maintenance Procedures
Maintaining this firearm in optimal condition requires adherence to specific safety protocols and regular maintenance procedures. These practices ensure reliable function and mitigate potential risks associated with firearm ownership.
Tip 1: Safe Storage
Store unloaded and secured in a dedicated safe or lockbox, inaccessible to unauthorized individuals. Ammunition should be stored separately. This practice significantly reduces the risk of accidental discharge and unauthorized access.
Tip 2: Regular Cleaning
Regular cleaning after each use is crucial for maintaining reliable function. Disassemble the firearm according to manufacturer instructions and clean all components thoroughly. This prevents the buildup of residue and debris, which can affect reliability and performance.
Tip 3: Proper Lubrication
Apply appropriate lubricant to designated points after cleaning, ensuring smooth operation and preventing wear. Avoid over-lubrication, as excessive oil can attract dirt and debris. Consult the owner’s manual for recommended lubricants and application points.
Tip 4: Ammunition Selection
Use only high-quality, factory-manufactured ammunition appropriate for this specific firearm model. Avoid reloaded or improperly stored ammunition, as these can pose safety risks and damage the firearm. Ensure the ammunition matches the caliber specified by the manufacturer.
Tip 5: Professional Inspection
Periodic professional inspection by a qualified gunsmith is recommended to identify potential issues and ensure continued safe operation. This professional assessment can detect wear or damage that may not be readily apparent to the owner, preventing potential malfunctions or safety hazards.
Tip 6: Function Checks
Regularly perform function checks to verify proper operation of all mechanisms, including the safety, trigger, and slide. This practice allows for early detection of potential issues and ensures the firearm functions as intended. Function checks should be performed in a safe environment with the firearm unloaded.
Tip 7: Handling Precautions
Always handle the firearm as if it were loaded, even when confirmed otherwise. Keep the finger off the trigger until ready to fire, and always point the muzzle in a safe direction. Adhering to these fundamental safety rules significantly reduces the risk of accidental discharge.
Adherence to these guidelines ensures the safe and reliable operation of this firearm, promoting responsible ownership and mitigating potential hazards. Neglecting these maintenance and safety practices can compromise both performance and safety, underscoring their importance for all owners.
The concluding section will summarize the key features and benefits, offering final considerations for those seeking a dependable and practical firearm.
Concluding Remarks on the Smith & Wesson 3904
This exploration of the Smith & Wesson 3904 has provided a comprehensive overview of its design, features, and significance within the context of semi-automatic pistols. From its compact dimensions and robust stainless steel construction to the nuances of its third-generation design and double-action/single-action trigger mechanism, the 3904 represents a notable chapter in Smith & Wesson’s history. Its chambering in 9mm Parabellum, a widely accessible and effective cartridge, further contributes to its practicality. The emphasis on safety features, combined with the importance of regular maintenance and proper handling procedures, underscores the commitment to responsible firearm ownership.
The Smith & Wesson 3904, though no longer in production, remains a relevant example of a well-designed and practical firearm. Its enduring presence in the firearms community speaks to its reliability, durability, and the continued interest in its historical and functional attributes. Continued exploration of firearms history and design provides valuable insights into the evolution of personal defense tools and the ongoing pursuit of balancing performance, safety, and practicality. Further research and comparison with contemporary firearms offer opportunities to deepen understanding and appreciate the nuances of firearm development and its enduring impact.