This type of small-bore cartridge contains numerous tiny lead or steel pellets designed for short-range use against small pests and varmints. Typically loaded in .22 Long Rifle cases, it provides a spread-shot effect similar to a miniature shotgun shell. An example would be a .22 LR cartridge filled with #12 shot.
The advantage of this load lies in its reduced power compared to standard .22 LR rounds, making it safer for close-range pest control with minimized risk of ricochet or over-penetration. This has proven particularly useful in agricultural settings for controlling rodents in barns or other enclosed spaces. Historically, these specialized cartridges have also been employed for short-range practice and indoor training due to their lower velocity and reduced report.