Kinetic energy projectiles, chemical irritants, and other area-denial tools are employed by law enforcement agencies worldwide to subdue or incapacitate individuals while minimizing the risk of serious or permanent injury. Examples include beanbag rounds, pepper spray, and rubber bullets. These options provide alternatives to traditional firearms in situations requiring less-than-lethal force.
The availability of these tools allows officers to de-escalate potentially violent encounters, protecting both the public and law enforcement personnel. Historically, options for controlling dangerous situations were limited, often leading to escalated force. The development and implementation of less-lethal options represent a significant advancement in policing, offering a wider range of responses to diverse threats. This evolution aims to reduce fatalities and injuries while maintaining public order.