.22 caliber shotshells, loaded with small lead or steel shot, are primarily designed for close-range pest control, particularly against small rodents like rats and mice in confined spaces. They are also sometimes used for targeting snakes or other similarly sized pests. The low report and limited power of these cartridges make them suitable for indoor or close-quarters use where overpenetration is a concern.
The advantage of this ammunition lies in its minimal power and reduced risk of ricochet compared to larger calibers, making it a safer option in certain environments. Historically, similar small-gauge shotshells were utilized for indoor target practice in galleries, a practice now largely supplanted by airguns. The reduced recoil also makes them suitable for individuals sensitive to heavier recoil, particularly new or younger shooters.